#include <mqueue.h>
ssize_t mq_receive(mqd_t mqdes, char *msg_ptr,
size_t msg_len,
unsigned *msg_prio);
#include <mqueue.h>
#include <time.h>
ssize_t mq_timedreceive(mqd_t mqdes, char *restrict
msg_ptr,
size_t msg_len, unsigned *restrict msg_prio,
const struct timespec *restrict abs_timeout);
The mq_receive() function shall receive the oldest of the highest priority message(s) from the message queue specified by mqdes. If the size of the buffer in bytes, specified by the msg_len argument, is less than the mq_msgsize attribute of the message queue, the function shall fail and return an error. Otherwise, the selected message shall be removed from the queue and copied to the buffer pointed to by the msg_ptr argument.
If the value of msg_len is greater than {SSIZE_MAX}, the result is implementation-defined.
If the argument msg_prio is not NULL, the priority of the selected message shall be stored in the location referenced by msg_prio.
If the specified message queue is empty and O_NONBLOCK is not set in the message queue description associated with mqdes, mq_receive() shall block until a message is enqueued on the message queue or until mq_receive() is interrupted by a signal. If more than one thread is waiting to receive a message when a message arrives at an empty queue and the Priority Scheduling option is supported, then the thread of highest priority that has been waiting the longest shall be selected to receive the message. Otherwise, it is unspecified which waiting thread receives the message. If the specified message queue is empty and O_NONBLOCK is set in the message queue description associated with mqdes, no message shall be removed from the queue, and mq_receive() shall return an error.
The mq_timedreceive() function shall receive the oldest of the highest priority messages from the message queue specified by mqdes as described for the mq_receive() function. However, if O_NONBLOCK was not specified when the message queue was opened via the mq_open() function, and no message exists on the queue to satisfy the receive, the wait for such a message shall be terminated when the specified timeout expires. If O_NONBLOCK is set, this function is equivalent to mq_receive().
The timeout expires when the absolute time specified by abs_timeout passes, as measured by the clock on which timeouts are based (that is, when the value of that clock equals or exceeds abs_timeout), or if the absolute time specified by abs_timeout has already been passed at the time of the call.
If the Timers option is supported, the timeout shall be based on the CLOCK_REALTIME clock; if the Timers option is not supported, the timeout shall be based on the system clock as returned by the time() function.
The resolution of the timeout shall be the resolution of the clock on which it is based. The timespec argument is defined in the <time.h> header.
Under no circumstance shall the operation fail with a timeout if a message can be removed from the message queue immediately. The validity of the abs_timeout parameter need not be checked if a message can be removed from the message queue immediately.
Upon successful completion, the mq_receive() and mq_timedreceive() functions shall return the length of the selected message in bytes and the message shall be removed from the queue. Otherwise, no message shall be removed from the queue, the functions shall return a value of -1, and set errno to indicate the error.
The mq_receive() and mq_timedreceive() functions shall fail if:
The mq_receive() and mq_timedreceive() functions may fail if:
The following sections are informative.
mq_open(), mq_send(), mq_timedsend(), msgctl(), msgget(), msgrcv(), msgsnd(), time(), the Base Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, <mqueue.h>, <time.h>