DU

Section: User Commands (1)
Updated: December 2009
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NAME

du - estimate file space usage

SYNOPSIS

du [OPTION]... [FILE]...
du [OPTION]... --files0-from=F

DESCRIPTION

Summarize disk usage of each FILE, recursively for directories.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.

-a, --all: write counts for all files, not just directories
--apparent-size: print apparent sizes, rather than disk usage; although the apparent size is usually smaller, it may be larger due to holes in (`sparse') files, internal fragmentation, indirect blocks, and the like
-B, --block-size=SIZE: use SIZE-byte blocks
-b, --bytes: equivalent to `--apparent-size --block-size=1'
-c, --total: produce a grand total
-D, --dereference-args: dereference only symlinks that are listed on the command line
--files0-from=F: summarize disk usage of the NUL-terminated file names specified in file F; If F is - then read names from standard input
-H: equivalent to --dereference-args (-D)
-h, --human-readable: print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G)
--si: like -h, but use powers of 1000 not 1024
-k: like --block-size=1K
-l, --count-links: count sizes many times if hard linked
-m: like --block-size=1M
-L, --dereference: dereference all symbolic links
-P, --no-dereference: don't follow any symbolic links (this is the default)
-0, --null: end each output line with 0 byte rather than newline
-S, --separate-dirs: do not include size of subdirectories
-s, --summarize: display only a total for each argument
-x, --one-file-system: skip directories on different file systems
-X, --exclude-from=FILE: exclude files that match any pattern in FILE
--exclude=PATTERN: exclude files that match PATTERN
--max-depth=N: print the total for a directory (or file, with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels below the command line argument; --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize
--time: show time of the last modification of any file in the directory, or any of its subdirectories
--time=WORD: show time as WORD instead of modification time: atime, access, use, ctime or status
--time-style=STYLE: show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, +FORMAT FORMAT is interpreted like `date'
--help: display this help and exit
--version: output version information and exit

Display values are in units of the first available SIZE from --block-size, and the DU_BLOCK_SIZE, BLOCK_SIZE and BLOCKSIZE environment variables. Otherwise, units default to 1024 bytes (or 512 if POSIXLY_CORRECT is set).

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following: KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

PATTERNS

PATTERN is a shell pattern (not a regular expression). The pattern ? matches any one character, whereas * matches any string (composed of zero, one or multiple characters). For example, *.o will match any files whose names end in .o. Therefore, the command

: du --exclude=aq*.oaq

will skip all files and subdirectories ending in .o (including the file .o itself).

AUTHOR

Written by Torbjorn Granlund, David MacKenzie, Paul Eggert, and Jim Meyering.

REPORTING BUGS

Report du bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>

COPYRIGHT

Copyright © 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.

DU