NAME

SYNOPSIS

#include <stdlib.h>  

DESCRIPTION

Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends the ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test macro (see the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 2.2, The Compilation Environment) to enable the visibility of these symbols in this header.

The <stdlib.h> header shall define the following macros:

EXIT_FAILURE

Unsuccessful termination for exit(); evaluates to a non-zero value.

EXIT_SUCCESS

Successful termination for exit(); evaluates to 0.

NULL

Null pointer.

{RAND_MAX}

Maximum value returned by rand(); at least 32767.

{MB_CUR_MAX}

Integer expression whose value is the maximum number of bytes in a character specified by the current locale.

The following data types shall be defined through typedef:

div_t

Structure type returned by the div() function.

ldiv_t

Structure type returned by the ldiv() function.

lldiv_t

Structure type returned by the lldiv() function.

size_t

As described in <stddef.h> .

wchar_t

As described in <stddef.h> .

In addition, the following symbolic names and macros shall be defined as in <sys/wait.h>, for use in decoding the return value from system():

WNOHANG
WUNTRACED
WEXITSTATUS
WIFEXITED
WIFSIGNALED
WIFSTOPPED
WSTOPSIG
WTERMSIG

The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as macros. Function prototypes shall be provided.

void          _Exit(int);

long          a64l(const char *);

void          abort(void);
int           abs(int);
int           atexit(void (*)(void));
double        atof(const char *);
int           atoi(const char *);
long          atol(const char *);
long long     atoll(const char *);
void         *bsearch(const void *, const void *, size_t, size_t,
                  int (*)(const void *, const void *));
void         *calloc(size_t, size_t);
div_t         div(int, int);

double        drand48(void);
char         *ecvt(double, int, int *restrict, int *restrict); (LEGACY )
double        erand48(unsigned short[3]);

void          exit(int);

char         *fcvt(double, int, int *restrict, int *restrict); (LEGACY )

void          free(void *);

char         *gcvt(double, int, char *); (LEGACY )

char         *getenv(const char *);

int           getsubopt(char **, char *const *, char **);
int           grantpt(int);
char         *initstate(unsigned, char *, size_t);
long          jrand48(unsigned short[3]);
char         *l64a(long);

long          labs(long);

void          lcong48(unsigned short[7]);

ldiv_t        ldiv(long, long);
long long     llabs(long long);
lldiv_t       lldiv(long long, long long);

long          lrand48(void);

void         *malloc(size_t);
int           mblen(const char *, size_t);
size_t        mbstowcs(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t);
int           mbtowc(wchar_t *restrict, const char *restrict, size_t);

char         *mktemp(char *); (LEGACY )
int           mkstemp(char *);
long          mrand48(void);
long          nrand48(unsigned short[3]);


int           posix_memalign(void **, size_t, size_t);


int           posix_openpt(int);
char         *ptsname(int);
int           putenv(char *);

void          qsort(void *, size_t, size_t, int (*)(const void *,
                  const void *));
int           rand(void);

int           rand_r(unsigned *);


long          random(void);

void         *realloc(void *, size_t);

char         *realpath(const char *restrict, char *restrict);
unsigned short seed48(unsigned short[3]);


int           setenv(const char *, const char *, int);


void          setkey(const char *);
char         *setstate(const char *);

void          srand(unsigned);

void          srand48(long);
void          srandom(unsigned);

double        strtod(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
float         strtof(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
long          strtol(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
long double   strtold(const char *restrict, char **restrict);
long long     strtoll(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
unsigned long strtoul(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
unsigned long long
              strtoull(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
int           system(const char *);

int           unlockpt(int);


int           unsetenv(const char *);

size_t        wcstombs(char *restrict, const wchar_t *restrict, size_t);
int           wctomb(char *, wchar_t);

Inclusion of the <stdlib.h> header may also make visible all symbols from <stddef.h>, <limits.h>, <math.h>, and <sys/wait.h>.

The following sections are informative.  

APPLICATION USAGE

None.  

RATIONALE

None.  

FUTURE DIRECTIONS

None.  

SEE ALSO

<limits.h>, <math.h>, <stddef.h>, <sys/types.h>, <sys/wait.h>, the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, _Exit(), a64l(), abort(), abs(), atexit(), atof(), atoi(), atol(), atoll(), bsearch(), calloc(), div(), drand48(), erand48(), exit(), free(), getenv(), getsubopt(), grantpt(), initstate(), jrand48(), l64a(), labs(), lcong48(), ldiv(), llabs(), lldiv(), lrand48(), malloc(), mblen(), mbstowcs(), mbtowc(), mkstemp(), mrand48(), nrand48(), posix_memalign(), ptsname(), putenv(), qsort(), rand(), realloc(), realpath(), setstate(), srand(), srand48(), srandom(), strtod(), strtof(), strtol(), strtold(), strtoll(), strtoul(), strtoull(), unlockpt(), wcstombs(), wctomb()  

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